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Comparative Survey, Descriptive Research

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  Comparative survey research is a type of descriptive survey where it aims to compare the status of two or more variable, institutions, strategies etc. This technique often uses multiple disciplines in one study.This does not only compare different groups but also same group over time.Few points are to be kept in mind before starting the comparative survey. ·        Comparison Points -The research should be very clear regarding the points to be compared. This can also be identified through review of literature and experience of experts. ·        Assumption of Similarities -  One has to be clear about the similarities the two variable hold. If the researcher do not find this there is no point of comparison. Criteria of Comparison - The researcher has to identify the criteria of comparison keeping in mind the fairness and objectivity. Appropriate tools has to be identified for measurement of criterion variables. ...
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Briefly Explain GYNOCRITICISM

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Gynocriticism is the historical study of women writers as a distinct literary tradition. Elaine Showalter coined the term in her essay Toward a Feminist Poetics. It refers to a criticism that constructs,
            A female framework for the analysis of women’s literature to develop new models based on the study of female experience, rather than to adopt male models and theories.
Gynocriticism is the study of feminist literature written by female writers inclusive of the interrogation of female authorship, images, the feminine experience and ideology and the history and development of the female literary tradition.
According to Showalter, literary history has seen three distinct phases of gynocriticism. Until the twentieth century, the female literature tradition was constructed of images and values of the idealized ‘feminine’ constructed from the patriarchal oppression that sought to identify the woman as ‘Other’. During the 20th cen. the feminist movement saw a reaction to the patriarchy of previous times and protested the ideology of the feminine. The most recent development is the ‘female criticism’ where a female identity is sought free from the masculine definitions and oppositions. The recognition of a distinct female canon and the development of the ‘female reader’ are fundamental aspects of gynocriticism.
The work of gynocriticism has been criticised by recent feminist for being essentialist. Its main problem is that it sees only one relationship between women’s writing and men’s writing; that which is adverbial or hostile. It is restricted to offering a narrative of suffering in which women are seen always only as victims. Gynocritic writers could have beautifully and boldly depicted the term as a weapon against the agenda of patriarchy. But, they lost that. However, gynocriticism aims to uncover a female psyche; it frequently fails to encompass the female as a whole. Often Critics critique the feminist literature to the exclusion of other considerations such as race, class, social interest, political inclination, religion and sexuality.

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