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Comparative Survey, Descriptive Research

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  Comparative survey research is a type of descriptive survey where it aims to compare the status of two or more variable, institutions, strategies etc. This technique often uses multiple disciplines in one study.This does not only compare different groups but also same group over time.Few points are to be kept in mind before starting the comparative survey. ·        Comparison Points -The research should be very clear regarding the points to be compared. This can also be identified through review of literature and experience of experts. ·        Assumption of Similarities -  One has to be clear about the similarities the two variable hold. If the researcher do not find this there is no point of comparison. Criteria of Comparison - The researcher has to identify the criteria of comparison keeping in mind the fairness and objectivity. Appropriate tools has to be identified for measurement of criterion variables. ...
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Explain Discipline as a Source of Knowledge

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  Education vs Indoctrination                       Different forms of Academic Discipline

English as a Global Language                      Education as a Discipline

Heterodox Schools views of Knowledge

Every day we get lot of information & knowledge from many sources like- discipline, subjects, environment etc. Though the terms appear as synonymous but the difference is startling. Information is organized data about someone or something obtained from various sources. It can be easily transferred. Whereas, knowledge is justified true belief. It is based on facts and values. One has to acquire knowledge by learning, generalization and experience. For eg: when we throw a ball upwards it always falls back to Earth. We are aware with this, that is, we have information. But when we know the reason behind ball falling back to earth and can explain this fact then this is knowledge. However, it is important to understand the process of knowledge acquisition because there are different approaches to it like discipline, subjects, forms of knowledge etc.

Subjects are that branch of knowledge which is specifically designed for organization of curriculum at different levels and institutions. While, discipline refers to any branch of knowledge with distinct subject matter and knowledge generation through research. In other words, discipline is an organized body of knowledge characterized by a domain, a method and a tradition. For eg: discipline of Geography means study of Earth. But when we talk about it as a subject then it refers to study of geography of India or world, assigned to different classes.

Taking first, characterization of discipline that is, domain. It is a field of subject-matter with which discipline deals. The subject-matter may be related to different views of life like- scientific, logical etc. Therefore, every discipline has a domain. Also each and every theory within a discipline also has a domain. For eg: Discipline of English masters its own domain. When the subject- matter of English is further divided in literature, language and linguistics, they have their respective domains.

Next we find, every discipline has its own method and mode of inquiry. Each has accepted set of rules for validation. Also, the rules of one discipline cannot be applied to another. For Eg: the discipline of Science, Mathematics and English has different methods- experimental, logical and theoretical respectively.

Lastly a discipline has a history that is, to define to some extent the domain and rules and philosophy of that discipline.

Probably discipline involves group of interactive people who create knowledge relating to domain of the discipline. To operate upon the domain they have adopted two means:-

  •  Substantive Structure: It is the interrelated collection of powerful ideas that guide research in a discipline.
  • Syntactical Structure: It is concerned with issues such as the way in which new substantive concepts are formed and the ways in which different kinds of knowledge statements generated by the discipline may be validated. In other words, it is concerned with the mode of thinking and reasoning used in the discipline

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